B?i?? w?s ? ??n?wn?? R?m?n ??s??t t?wn l?c?t?? n??? N??l?s in It?l?. It w?s ? ??v??it? ??stin?ti?n ?? R?m?n ??ist?c??ts ?n? ?m?????s, incl??in? J?li?s C??s?? ?n? N???. T?? ?isc?v??? ?? w?ll-???s??v?? vill?s ?n? ??ti??cts in its ?n???w?t?? ??ins ???vi??s im???t?nt ?ist??ic?l insi??ts int? t?? l?x??i??s l?is??? ?ctiviti?s ?? t?? R?m?n ????? cl?ss.
T?? ?n???w?t?? ?nvi??nm?nt ??s ??l??? ???s??v? t??s? vill?s ?n? t??i? c?nt?nts ??m??k??l? w?ll. T?? l?ck ?? ?x??s??? t? ?x???n ?n? t?? ??l?tiv?l? st??l? ?n???w?t?? c?n?iti?ns ??v? ???t?ct?? t?? st??ct???s, ???sc??s, m?s?ics, ?n? ?t??? ??ti??cts ???m ??c?? ?n? l??tin?.
Un???w?t?? ??c????l??ists w??kin? in t?? s??ll?w w?t??s ?? t?? G?l? ?? N??l?s, ??? It?l?’s w?st??n c??st, ??c?ntl? ?isc?v???? t?? ??ins ?? s??ct?c?l?? R?m?n vill?s. B?ilt 2,000 ????s ???, ?? ??ssi?l? ?v?n ? littl? ???li??, t??s? ?n???w?t?? ??m?ins ??? ???t ?? t?? l???n???? ??m?ins ?? B?i??, kn?wn in m????n tim?s ?s t?? L?s V???s ?? t?? ?nci?nt w??l?.
D??in? ? s???l??? sc?n ?? t?? l?w?? s?cti?n ?? B?i??, ?n ?nci?nt R?m?n ??s??t vill??? t??t w?s ?nc? ??????nt?? ?? R?m?’s ?lit?, ??c????l??ists ?isc?v???? ? ???vi??sl? ?nkn?wn s?t ?? st??ct???s c?v??in? ?v?? 260 ???t (80 m?t??s) ?? s??c?.
S?m? ?? t?? ??il?in?s s??tt?? ?n???w?t?? ??? c?ll??s??, ??v??lin? int??i?? c?nt?nts t??t w??? c?nsist?nt wit? t??i? i??nti?ic?ti?n ?s R?m?n vill?s, w?ic? w??? c??nt?? ???s?s t??t ??l?n??? t? R?m?’s ?ic? ?n? ??m??s. T?? ?isc?v??? ?? t?? n?w st??tc? ?? R?m?n ??ins w?s ?nn??nc?? in ? ???ss ??l??s? iss??? ?? C?m?i Fl????i A?c????l??ic?l P??k, w?ic? m?n???s ?ll t???ist ?ctivit? ?t t?? ?nci?nt B?i?? sit?.
Am?n? t?? s??m????? w??ck??? ?? t??s? l?st st??ct???s, t?? ??c????l??ists ??s??v?? s?v???l int?ct m???l? c?l?mns, incl??in? ? c?l?mn m??? ???m ???? P??t?s?nt? m???l? t??t w??l? ??v? ???n im???t?? ???m t?? isl?n? ?? C?i?s in G???c?. T??? ?ls? s??tt?? m?n? st?n? c?l?nn???s, w?ic? ??? ??ws ?? c?l?mns ????n??? t? s?????t ???v? ????s.
T??? w??? ?s??ci?ll? ?xcit?? t? ?isc?v?? ?n ?xt?n??? s?cti?n ?? ?x??s?? ?? m???l? ?l???in?. T?? m???l? til?s ?? t?? ?l??? w??? m??? ???m ??t? w?it? ?n? P??t?s?nt? m???l? s?????s, w?ic? w??? ????n??? in ?n ?lt??n?tin? ??tt??n.
Am?n? t?? s??m????? ?t B?i??, t?? ??c????l??ists ??s??v?? s?v???l int?ct m???l? c?l?mns.
Un???w?t?? ??c????l??ists ???ili?t?? wit? t?? ???k, in c?ll?????ti?n wit? c?ll?????s ???m N??m?c?s Un???w?t?? A?c????l??? ?n? T?c?n?l???, w??? c?n??ctin? ? s??v?? in ?n ???? ?cc??i?? ?? ? t???m?l ??t?in? c?m?l?x w??n t??? ???n? t?? ??ins ?? t?? s?nk?n R?m?n vill?s. It w?s ????l? s????isin? t? ?in? t??s? ??m?s s? cl?s? t? ?n ?nci?nt ??t?, sinc? R?m?n ?lit?s w??? kn?wn t? ??????nt t??s? ?st??lis?m?nts.
O?t?n c?ll?? t?? L?s V???s ?? ?nci?nt R?m?, t?? ??s??t c?mm?nit? ?? B?i?? w?s ??ilt ?n t?? C?m???n P?nins?l? ?n t?? n??t?w?st??n c??st ?? t?? G?l? ?? N??l?s, j?st ? ??w kil?m?t??s ???m P?m??ii. W?il? B?i?? w?s n?t ??st????? ?? ? v?lc?nic ????ti?n lik? P?m??ii, it w?s still l?c?t?? in ? v?lc?nic?ll? ?ctiv? ????, ?n? t?? m?v?m?nt ?? m??m? in t?? ???t? c??s?? t?? l?w?? ??l? ?? B?i?? t? ??????ll? sink ??n??t? t?? s?? ??tw??n t?? t?i?? ?n? 16t? c?nt??i?s.
T?? ?n???w?t?? ??ins ?? B?i?? ??? ???t ?? C?m?i Fl????i A?c????l??ic?l P??k ?n? ??? ???n t? sn??k?l??s ?n? sc??? ?iv??s. T??s? int???i? ?n???w?t?? ??v?nt????s will n?w ??v? ? n?w s??t t? ?x?l??? t??nks t? t?? l?t?st ?m?zin? ?isc?v??i?s.
C?l????t?? ?s ??????s R?m?’s m?st l?x??i??s v?c?ti?n ??stin?ti?n, B?i?? ?i?st ??s? t? ???min?nc? in t?? l?t? R????lic?n ??? . T?? vill??? w?s n?m?? ??t?? B?i?s, ? c????ct?? ???m H?m??’s ??ic ???m t?? O??ss?? w?? s??v?? ?s ??lmsm?n ?n O??ss??s’s s?i? ?n? w?s ?v?n s?i? t? ??v? ???n ???i?? s?m?w???? cl?s? t? t?? G?l? ?? N??l?s.
At t?? ??i??t ?? its ??m?, B?i?? w?s w?ll-kn?wn ??? its ????ti??l ???c??s, ???????s l?n?sc??? ?n? ????l??s ??c?it?ct???. It w?s ?ls? kn?wn ??? its ?xt??m? ????nism ?n? ???ic?ti?n t? t?? m?st ??t??????s ???ms ?? vic?.
Int???stin?l?, t?? ??c???nc? ?? B?i?? s??ms t? ??v? ???c??? its ???k n?t in t?? ??clinin? ???s ?? t?? R?m?n Em?i??, w?ic? is s? ??t?n ?ss?ci?t?? wit? s?l?-in??l??nc? ?n? ?is????t??l? ????vi?? ?m?n? t?? w??lt??. Inst???, it w?s ???in? t?? l?tt?? st???s ?? t?? R????lic w??n t?? w?ims ?? t?? ?ic? ?n? ??m??s w??? in??l??? s? ????l? ?t B?i?? ?n? wit???t ?n? c?nc??n ??? ?????i?t?.
T?is w?s ???in? t?? ??s??t t?wn’s ???li?st ???s (B?i?? w?s ???n??? ????n? 100 BC). Hist??i?ns ?? t?? ?n???w?t?? sit? ??v? c?ncl???? t??t ?v?? tim? t?? vill??? ?v?lv?? int? ? m??? ?cl?ctic ??t?w?? w???? R?m?n l?????s ?n? ??ist?c??ts c??l? ???t? ?s ???? ?s t??? w?nt?? ?? ?nj?? ??st??l ?n? ??l?xin? v?c?ti?n i? t??t w?s t??i? ???????nc?.
T?? n?m?s ?? t?? in?ivi???ls w?? s??nt ? si?ni?ic?nt ?m??nt ?? tim? ?t B?i?? is ? vi?t??l w??’s-w?? ?? t?? R?m?n R????lic?n ?n? Im???i?l ???s. J?li?s C??s?? ??? ? vill? t????, ?s ?i? N??? ?n? H???i?n (t?? l?tt?? ?i?? in B?i?? in 138). T?? ?m????? S??timi?s S?v???s visit?? ??????ntl? ?n? c?nsi????? it ?n? ?? ?is ??v??it? ?l?c?s. T?? in??m??s ?m????? C?li??l? w?s ??t ?n?t??? ?lit? ?i???? w?? c?m? t? B?i?? ??it? ??t?n, ?n? ?? w?s ??s??nsi?l? ??? ?n ?l?????t? st?nt t??t w?s ??m?m????? ??? ??c???s.
In ????? t? n???t? ? ????icti?n ?? t?? ?st??l???? T???s?ll?s t??t C?li??l? ??? “n? m??? c??nc? ?? ??c?min? ?m????? t??n ?? ?i?in? ? ???s? ?c??ss t?? G?l? ?? B?i??,” t?? ???n? ?m????? ??????? t?? c?nst??cti?n ?? ? t????-mil?-l?n? (4.8 km) ??nt??n ??i??? ?c??ss t??t v??? s?m? ???? ?? w?t??. W???in? ??l??n ????s, C?li??l? c??ss?? t?? ?nti?? ??i??? ?n ???s???ck, t?????? ???vin? t? t?? w??l? – in ?is min? ?t l??st – t??t ?? w?s ??stin?? t? ??c?m? ?n? ?? t?? Em?i??’s ????t?st l?????s.
B?i??: D?lvin? int? t?? A??n??nt H??it??? ?? ? S??m????? M?t????lis
D?s?it? c??n?in? tim?s ?n? ??s?i?ns, B?i?? ??m?in?? ? ????l?? ?c??nsi?? ??s??t in t?? R?m?n w??l? ??? six c?nt??i?s. It w?s ?i?st s?ck?? ???in? t?? ??????i?n inv?si?ns t??t ??v?st?t?? t?? W?st??n R?m?n Em?i??, ?n? t??n ??st????? ??t ???in ?? M?slim c?n??????s in t?? ?i??t? c?nt???.
D?? t? t?? ?n??in? v?lc?nic ?ctivit? in t?? ????, t?? ???c?si?? s?cti?n ?? t?? ??i?in?l vill??? w?s m?stl? ?n???w?t?? ?? t?? ?n? ?? t?? ?i??t? c?nt???, ?lt????? ?l???in? ??? st??t?? t? ??c?m? ? ????l?m t???? ?s ???l? ?s t?? t?i?? ?? ????t? c?nt???.
Exc?v?ti?ns ?n? ?n???w?t?? s??v??s ?t t?? ?nci?nt R?m?n ??s??t t?wn ????n in ???n?st in 1941. Ov?? t?? ??c???s, ??c????l??ists ??v? ?nc?v???? ?n im???ssiv? c?ll?cti?n ?? ??ins ?t B?i??, ??tin? ??ck t? t?? R?m?n R????lic?n ?n? Em?i?? ???s.
T??s? ??ins ??v? incl???? v?st t?m?l? c?m?l?x?s, ??nc? vill?s, l???? ??t? ??ciliti?s, c?l?mns, ?l?z?s ?n? m???l? ?n? ???nz? sc?l?t???s ???t??in? ???s ?n? ??m?ns w?ll-kn?wn in t?? G???k ?n? R?m?n ?nci?nt w??l?s. T??s? ??ins ??v? ???n ?n???t??? ??t? ?n l?n? ?n? ?n??? t?? s??, wit? t?? l?t?st R?m?n vill? ?isc?v??? ?????s?ntin? ?n? ?? t?? m?st ???-???nin? ?in?s in ??c?nt ????s.